Hydraulic Training

Purpose and Scope:
This training is designed for engineers and technical personnel to develop a strong understanding of hydraulic systems. By the end of the program, participants are expected to gain comprehensive hydraulic knowledge, supported by both theoretical instruction and hands-on training using hydraulic training sets.

The program lasts two days, and participants who successfully pass the final examination will receive a
“Basic & Advanced Level Hydraulic Training Certificate.”

Training Content

1. Introduction to Hydraulics

• What is hydraulics?
• Advantages and disadvantages of hydraulic systems
• Application areas of hydraulics
• Pascal’s Law
• Hydraulic force transmission
• Pressure intensifier (booster) principles
• Conservation of energy (Bernoulli’s theorem)
• Parallel and series flow circuits

2. Hydraulic Fluids

• Required properties of hydraulic fluids
• Definition and types of viscosity
• Effects of pressure and temperature on viscosity
• Additives in hydraulic oils and their effects

3. Hydraulic Pumps

• Working principles of hydraulic pumps
• Pump displacement and efficiency
• Gear pump types (internal, external, orbital)
• Vane pump types (unbalanced, balanced)
• Piston pump types (bent-axis, swashplate, radial piston)
• Energy consumption of pumps
• Variable displacement pump mechanisms
• Cavitation causes and prevention methods

4. Pressure Control Valves

• Safety relief valve function and application
• Types and settings of safety valves
• Pressure reducing valves: structure, function, types, usage
• Pressure sequence valves: structure, function, types, usage
• Charge valves: structure, function, usage

5. Directional Control Valves

• ISO 1219 valve symbols
• Standard dimensions
• Operating principles and internal structures
• Direct-acting directional control valves
• Pilot-operated directional valves
• Actuation types (mechanical, solenoid, pilot, etc.)

6. Check Valves

• Ball-type check valves
• Poppet-type check valves
• Pilot-operated check valves
• Dual pilot-operated check valves (counterbalance/locking valves)

7. Flow Control Valves

• Functions of flow control valves
• Adjustable flow control valves
• Precision flow control valves
• Meter-in and meter-out flow control

8. Hydraulic Actuators

• Single and double-acting cylinders: structure and operation
• Double rod, tandem, and telescopic cylinders
• Cushioning (damping) in cylinders
• Cylinder mounting methods

9. Hydraulic Motors

• HSHT motors (high speed, low torque)
• LSHT motors (low speed, high torque)
• Gear, vane, and piston motors

10. Accumulators

• Structure and function of hydraulic accumulators
• Application examples
• Weight-loaded, spring-loaded, piston, bladder, and diaphragm accumulators

11. Hydraulic Filtration

• Importance of filtration
• Definition and causes of contamination
• Filter selection criteria and filtration capacity
• Types of filters by application
• Portable filtration systems
• Oil analysis importance and required test values
• Contamination levels (NAS, ISO codes)

12. Hydraulic Reservoir & Accessories

• Functions of hydraulic tanks
• Standard reservoir designs
• Coolers
• Bourdon tube and diaphragm pressure gauges
• Pressure switches

13. Hydraulic Circuits

• Regenerative circuits
• Pressure sequencing and pressure reducing circuits
• Sample hydraulic schematics

14. Industrial Applications

• Circuit symbols according to ISO 1219
• Fundamentals of hydraulic and electro-hydraulic circuit design
• Building circuits on the training set and drawing schematics
• Direct and indirect control
• Circuit analysis, reading diagrams, and practical implementations

Training Details

• Method: Classroom theory + Practical training with hydraulic training set
• Duration: 2 days
• Certification: Awarded upon passing the final exam

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