Lightning Rod (LPS) Inspection

Lightning is the rapid discharge of electrical energy between the cloud and the ground. To eliminate or minimize the direct and indirect effects of lightning, Lightning Protection Systems (LPS) are installed. These systems (lightning rods, Faraday cages, etc.) protect buildings, facilities, and all types of structures from the destructive impacts of lightning.

Lightning protection systems can be classified into four main types:

Franklin Rods

Based on the sharp-point discharge principle that attracts lightning to the rod.
Due to their limited protection radius, they are no longer commonly used today.

Active Lightning Rods

These systems operate with an early streamer emission (ESE) principle.
They are widely used due to their easy installation and effective protection coverage.

Radioactive Lightning Rods

Their production and use have been discontinued due to radiation pollution risks caused by radioactive material and the potential for soil contamination during earthquakes.

Faraday Cage Systems

Consisting of an air-termination system, down conductors, and grounding system installed at defined intervals.
Despite higher installation costs, they provide the most effective and reliable protection and are widely used today.

What Is Lightning Protection System Inspection and Why Is It Necessary?

To ensure the LPS operates reliably and complies fully with relevant regulations, the system must be periodically inspected and measured by certified electrical engineers. Inspection includes:

• Review of technical documentation
• Visual examination
• Grounding system resistance measurements
• Reporting and evaluation

These steps collectively ensure the system maintains full operational effectiveness.

Scope of LPS Inspection and Measurements

The following checks and measurements are performed during the inspection:

• Examination of air-termination rods and components
• Inspection of down conductors and connections
• Examination of test clamps and associated components
• Roof-top lightning protection system inspection
• Grounding resistance measurement of the LPS

Relevant Regulations and Standards

According to the Regulation on Grounding in Electrical Installations (Official Gazette No. 24500, dated 21.08.2001), grounding resistance measurements and inspections must be performed annually for newly installed or existing systems.

The maximum allowable inspection interval for lightning protection systems is 1 year, based on:
TS EN 62305-3:2007 – Lightning Protection – Part 3: Physical Damage to Structures and Life Hazard, Annex E, Table E.2.

Who Must Perform LPS Inspections?

All facilities and workplaces that have a lightning protection system must ensure the system is inspected annually by authorized and certified engineers.